Tarragona - Tarragona

El término xenofobia proviene del concepto griego compuesto por xénos (“extranjero”) y phóbos (“miedo”).

La xenofobia, por lo tanto, hace referencia al odio, recelo, hostilidad y rechazo hacia los extranjeros.


La palabra también suele utilizarse en forma extendida con la fobia hacia los grupos étnicos diferentes o hacia a las personas cuya fisonomía social, cultural y política se desconoce.

La xenofobia es una ideología que consiste en el rechazo de las identidades culturales que son diferentes a la propia.


A diferencia del racismo, la xenofobia se plantea aceptar a los extranjeros e inmigrantes, siempre que se cumpla su asimilación sociocultural.

Puede decirse que este tipo de discriminación se basa en distintos prejuicios históricos, religiosos, culturales y nacionales, que llevan al xenófobo a justificar la segregación entre distintos grupos étnicos con el fin de no perder la identidad propia.


Por otra parte, muchas veces se suma un prejuicio económico que considera a los inmigrantes como una competencia por los recursos disponibles en una nación.

Por tal motivo, la crisis económica y social que sufrieron muchos países a finales del siglo XX fue el punto de partida para una manifestación agresiva de la xenofobia, que se vio reflejada desde las pancartas y los discursos hasta los actos de violencia de todo tipo.


Los medios de comunicación, por su parte, suelen colaborar con el desarrollo de la xenofobia al presentar las costumbres y culturas extranjeras como dimensiones extrañas y ajenas a la identidad nacional.


Cabe destacar que los antropólogos han advertido situaciones de xenofobia en los pueblos arcaicos, lo que demuestra que la xenofobia es un fenómeno que ha estado siempre en las conductas humanas.

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